I’ve inherited an IRA… now what do I do?
Inherited IRAs can seem overwhelming when the time comes to inherit one. It seems self-explanatory when you are first listed as a beneficiary of an IRA. Upon the unfortunate passing of the owner, you inherit part or all of the IRA (depending on how many beneficiaries are listed.)
However, the part that gets many people confused is the moment that they are notified they are inheriting the IRA. When the rubber hits the road, and you are presented with a set of rules that come with inheriting an IRA, it can seem quite complicated. The best way to organize these rules is with two buckets: Spousal Beneficiary and Non-Spousal Beneficiary.
Can I roll this into my personal IRA?
This question is commonly asked or just assumed by many individuals. The answer is dependent on those two buckets mentioned. Are you a spousal beneficiary or a non-spousal beneficiary?
Spousal Beneficiary
If the decedent was your spouse, you can rollover the inherited IRA dollars into your personal IRA. This allows you to comingle those dollars into an existing IRA and treat those funds as your own. This gives the benefit of delaying required minimum distributions (RMDs) until you turn age 73. You can also keep it in the inherited IRA and be subject to those RMD rules (generally, you must liquidate the entire IRA by the end of the 10th year following the original account holder’s death.) Having these options as a spouse offers flexibility in how you want to liquidate the IRA to ensure you are tax efficient as possible.
Non-Spousal Beneficiary
If you are a non-spousal beneficiary, you must open an inherited IRA. This is a separate IRA that is exclusive for those inherited dollars. You can invest in this inherited account as you wish as it is sheltered in the IRA, meaning you will not recognize any gains by selling and buying within the account. Any distributions that are made from an inherited IRA are taxed as ordinary income.
This leads to the 2nd option for non-spousal beneficiaries, taking a lump-sum distribution. Lump-sum distributions can have significant tax implications as the beneficiary recognizes the distribution as taxable income. In specific circumstances, some beneficiaries may prefer a lump-sum distribution if the inherited IRA is small, and they could use the money to put on their mortgage or other loan payments. It is always important to contact your financial advisor and CPA before taking a lump-sum to ensure that you will not incur a tax burden from the distribution.
Conclusion
Inherited IRAs can be complicated, but the first step is accessing your options for where and how you can move the funds. Visualizing which “bucket” you fall into can offer guidance on the processes available. Contact your financial advisor if you are expecting to inherit an IRA. They can help apply the various, more complex rules to your situation to ensure you do what is best for you financially.
How to manage an Inherited IRA
October 28, 2024
Clay Reynolds
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